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Rock climbing style refers to the method and equipment used to establish and repeat rock climbing routes. Style also incorporates values from sportsmanship and environmentalism to uphold and further develop rockclimbing. Each climbing style can be considered a sort of game with rules or standard commonly referred to as climbing ethic. These ethics are some of climbing's social mores.〔Mountaineering: The Freedom of the Hills, Swan Hill Press; 6th Revised edition (14 Oct 1997) ISBN 1-84037-001-7 ISBN 978-1840370010〕 Lito Tajeda-Flores elaborated on 'Games Climbers Play' 〔Ascent 1967〕 defining a Game as an arena (boulder, crag, wall, etc.) and an accompanying Style. Royal Robins said : 'in rockclimbing () refers to methods and equipment used, and the degree of 'adventure' involved'.〔Basic Rockcraft, 1971, ISBN 0-910856-34-6〕 In his 'The Murder of the Impossible' 〔Mountain magazine #15, 1971〕 Reinhold Messner underscores the importance of 'adventure' and Style adjusted to task at hand. == Categories == The term "style" is used by climbers to describe more than one set of distinctions. Ethics, class, techniques, and goals all can be talked about in terms of "style", and both the usage of the term "style" and the usage of stylistic terms themselves can vary quite greatly by geography. *Certain styles are regarded as a matter of climbing ethics, which might be matters of conservation, sportsmanship, personal satisfaction, or competition: * * Clean climbing contrasts against those styles which can have environmental effects ("leave no trace"). * * Bottom-up and on-sight ascents are regarded as "better style" than the exploration and rehearsal of a route on fixed ropes before actual climbing of the route is attempted or succeeded. * * "To send" or ascend flawlessly is regarded as "better style" than to hang-dog, yo-yo or work a route until one gets up. *There are 2 major divisions in climbing style, by class: * * free climbing * * aid climbing *There are a variety of techniques which are often discussed in the context of style: * * Sieging ("expedition"-style), versus Alpine-style ("fast and light") * * Climbing strictly "on", versus taking liberties with a route's accepted path * * To "free" a previous aid-only route, or to climb clean a previous hammered route, thus advancing the state of the art * * To employ equipment in novel ways, or to develop new equipment and associated techniques, thus advancing the state of the art * * Handicapping, by deliberately choosing to adhere to some restriction on techniques, equipment, holds or some other element of climbing a particular route *Climbers with different goals may describe their preferences and choices in terms of style: * * Traditional climbing can be "adventure"-style climbing. * * Sport climbing can be "athletic"-style climbing. * * Bouldering is largely equipment-free. * * Soloing or free-soloing stimulate one's sense of self-reliance. * * Top roping can allow one to focus on climbing rather than equipment-handling, or vice versa. * * The choice of Leading or following or swapping leads can align one's sense of self-confidence with the route being climbed, can support a climber's progress in developing skills, and can impact the efficiency and speed with which long routes are ascended. * * First ascents are sought by those who wish to explore or create a legacy 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Types of climbing」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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